Difference between revisions of "Bits Bytes etc"

From TRCCompSci - AQA Computer Science
Jump to: navigation, search
(→‎The Byte)
(→‎Summary)
 
(50 intermediate revisions by 18 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
 
=Units=
 
=Units=
 +
 +
== Summary ==
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|-
 +
! colspan="4" style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; font-size:large;" | New Spec
 +
|- style="font-weight:bold;"
 +
| Name
 +
| Symbol
 +
| Power
 +
| Size in bytes
 +
|-
 +
| Byte
 +
| B
 +
| 10<sup>0</sup>
 +
| 1
 +
|-
 +
| Kilo Byte<br />
 +
| KB
 +
| 10<sup>3</sup>
 +
| 1,000
 +
|-
 +
| Mega Byte
 +
| MB
 +
| 10<sup>6</sup>
 +
| 1,000,000
 +
|-
 +
| Giga Byte
 +
| GB
 +
| 10<sup>9</sup>
 +
| 1,000,000,000<br />
 +
|-
 +
| Tera Byte
 +
| TB
 +
| 10<sup>12</sup>
 +
| 1,000,000,000,000<br />
 +
|-
 +
| Peta Byte
 +
| PB
 +
| 10<sup>15</sup>
 +
| 1,000,000,000,000,000<br />
 +
|-
 +
| Exa Byte
 +
| EB
 +
| 10<sup>18</sup>
 +
| 1,000,000,000,000,000,000
 +
|-
 +
| Zatta Byte
 +
| ZB
 +
| 10<sup>21</sup>
 +
| 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000<br />
 +
|-
 +
| Yotta Byte
 +
| YB
 +
| 10<sup>24</sup>
 +
| 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000
 +
|}
 +
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|-
 +
! colspan="4" style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; font-size:large;" | Old Spec
 +
|- style="font-weight:bold;"
 +
| Name
 +
| Symbol
 +
| Power
 +
| Size in bytes
 +
|-
 +
| Byte
 +
| B
 +
| 2<sup>0</sup>
 +
| 1
 +
|-
 +
| Kibi Byte<br />
 +
| KiB
 +
| 2<sup>10</sup>
 +
| 1,024<br />
 +
|-
 +
| Mebi Byte
 +
| MiB
 +
| 2<sup>20</sup>
 +
| 1,048,576
 +
|-
 +
| Gibi Byte
 +
| GiB
 +
| 2<sup>30</sup>
 +
| 1,073,741,824
 +
|-
 +
| Tebi Byte
 +
| TiB
 +
| 2<sup>40</sup>
 +
| 1,099,511,627,776
 +
|-
 +
| Pebi Byte
 +
| PiB
 +
| 2<sup>50</sup>
 +
| 1,125,899,906,842,624
 +
|-
 +
| Exbi Byte
 +
| EiB
 +
| 2<sup>60</sup>
 +
| 1,152,921,504,606,846,976
 +
|-
 +
| Zebi Byte
 +
| ZiB
 +
| 2<sup>70</sup>
 +
| 1,180,591,620,717,411,303,424
 +
|-
 +
| Yobi Byte
 +
| YiB
 +
| 2<sup>80</sup>
 +
| 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176
 +
|}
 +
 +
===CraigNDave===
 
<youtube>9kzCoDFrMGE</youtube>
 
<youtube>9kzCoDFrMGE</youtube>
  
 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9kzCoDFrMGE&list=PLCiOXwirraUCa2MYf_oSM94uvwIGPMZ1q
 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9kzCoDFrMGE&list=PLCiOXwirraUCa2MYf_oSM94uvwIGPMZ1q
 +
 +
 +
===Computer Science Tutor===
 +
 +
<youtube>Ol3PxSpEeT4</youtube>
 +
 +
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ol3PxSpEeT4&list=PL04uZ7242_M6O_6ITD6ncf7EonVHyBeCm
  
 
=New Units=
 
=New Units=
 
'''Computer Science units are now based around the powers of 10'''
 
'''Computer Science units are now based around the powers of 10'''
  
−
==Powers of 10==
+
=='''Powers of 10'''==
 +
 
 +
 
 +
For each unit add 3 to the power to go up in powers of 10 for each unit of data for example :
 +
1GB = 10^9 with the power of 10 being 1,000,000,000 bytes
 +
However if you subtract three powers from 10^9 then 10^6 = 1,000,000 bytes
  
 
==The Bit==
 
==The Bit==
−
The Bit is a single binary digit used in computing and is represented using either a 1 or 0. The two values of a single digit act as an On or Off function or True/False and putting them together can result in unique functions as 1 digit can control one variable and another digit can control an entirely different variable. By putting multiple bits together functions become more complex and have more outcomes as if you set one value to true it can lead to another set of values different to what you would get if it was set to false. Putting 8 of theses bits together is called a byte (see pg 2.3)
+
The Bit is a single binary digit used in computing and is represented using either a 1 or 0. The two values of a single digit act as an On or Off function or True/False and putting them together can result in unique functions as 1 digit can control one variable and another digit can control an entirely different variable. By putting multiple bits together functions become more complex and have more outcomes as if you set one value to true it can lead to another set of values different to what you would get if it was set to false. Putting 8 of theses bits together is called a [[Bits_Bytes_etc#The_Byte|byte]]
  
 
==The Byte==
 
==The Byte==
−
A byte is made up of 8 [[Bits_Bytes_etc#The_Bit|bits]], and larger amounts of data are based around the value of a byte (e.g [[Bits_Bytes_etc#Giga_Byte|Gigabyte]] being 1,000,000,000 '''bytes''').
+
A byte is made up of '''8 [[Bits_Bytes_etc#The_Bit|bits]]''', and larger amounts of data are based around the value of a byte (e.g [[Bits_Bytes_etc#Giga_Byte|Gigabyte]] being 1,000,000,000 bytes). A single byte represents one binary number, as it is made up of a total of 8 1's and 0's. A single byte can also represent a single character, such as the letter B.
  
 
==Kilo Byte==
 
==Kilo Byte==
 +
A Kilo Byte is 1000 bytes. It is also a multiple of the byte unit with the prefix (kB).
  
 
==Mega Byte==
 
==Mega Byte==
 +
A Mega Byte is 1000 Kilo Bytes, thus is 1000000 Bytes.
 +
In Base 10 the prefix Mega is 10^6.
  
 
==Giga Byte==
 
==Giga Byte==
 +
1 giga byte (1Gb) is 1000 megabytes and also 1 Gigabyte (G / GB) = 10^9 bytes = 1,000,000,000 bytes
  
 
==Tera Byte==
 
==Tera Byte==
−
1 TeraByte = 1,000 GigaByte
+
1 TeraByte = 1,000 GigaByte, 10^12 bytes
  
 
==Peta Byte==
 
==Peta Byte==
Line 31: Line 160:
 
'''Symbol''': EB
 
'''Symbol''': EB
 
'''Power''': 10^18
 
'''Power''': 10^18
 +
'''Bytes''': 1,000,000,000,000,000,000
  
 
==Zetta Byte==
 
==Zetta Byte==
 +
'''Symbol''': ZB
 +
'''Power''': 10^21
 +
'''Bytes''': 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000
  
 
==Yotta Byte==
 
==Yotta Byte==
 +
 +
Yottabyte (YB) is a unit of digital information that equals to one septillion (10^24).
  
 
=Old Units=
 
=Old Units=
−
'''Units based around powers of 2, according to the spec you don't need to know these'''
+
'''Units based around powers of 2, according to the spec you don't need to know these.'''
  
 
==Powers of 2==
 
==Powers of 2==
 +
A power of two is a number of the form 2<sup>n</sup> where n is an integer. (e.g. 7).
 +
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|-
 +
! Power of 2 !! Equivalent
 +
|-
 +
| 2<sup>0</sup> = 1 || (Anything to the power of itself is always 1)
 +
|-
 +
| 2<sup>1</sup> = 2 || 2x1 = 2
 +
|-
 +
| 2<sup>3</sup> = 4 || 2x2 = 4
 +
|-
 +
| 2<sup>4</sup> = 8 || 2x2x2 = 8
 +
|-
 +
| 2<sup>5</sup> = 16 || 2x2x2x2 = 16
 +
|}
 +
Etc.
  
 
==Kibi Byte==
 
==Kibi Byte==
 +
 +
A kibibyte is a multiple of the unit byte, with the binary prefix 'kibi' meaning 2 to the power of 10 or 1024 bytes.
 +
Therefore meaning 1 kibibyte is 1024 bytes.
 +
<br />
 +
The unit symbol for a kibibyte is KiB.
  
 
==Mebi Byte==
 
==Mebi Byte==
 +
The binary prefix mebi means 2^20; therefore one mebibyte is equal to 1048576bytes = 1024 kibibytes.
 +
 +
The unit symbol for the mebibyte is MiB.
 +
 +
1 MiB = 2^20 bytes = 1024 kibibytes = 1048576bytes
  
 
==Gibi Byte==
 
==Gibi Byte==
 +
 +
1 GiB is equal to 2^30. (Two to the power of thirty)
 +
 +
1 GB = 0.931323 GiB
  
 
==Tebi Byte==
 
==Tebi Byte==
Line 51: Line 217:
  
 
==Pebi Byte==
 
==Pebi Byte==
 +
 +
A '''Pebi Byte''' is a '''multiple of the unit byte''', used for '''digital information.'''
 +
 +
The prefix for '''pebi''' is '''Pi'''
 +
and the prefix for '''pebibyte''' is '''PiB
 +
'''
 +
1,125,899,906,842,624 bytes and is equivalent to '''1024 tebibytes''' or '''1 pebibyte.
 +
'''
 +
 +
to get from '''pebibytes to bits''', you can do:
 +
pebibytes times 2 to the power of 50 '''(PiB x 2^50)''' or pebibytes times 1024 to the power of 5 '''(PiB x 1024^5)
 +
'''
 +
and to get from '''bits to pebibytes''', you can do:
 +
bits divided by 2 to the power of 50 '''(bits / 2^50)''' or bits times 1024 to the power of 5 '''(bits / 1024^5)
 +
'''
  
 
==Exbi Byte==
 
==Exbi Byte==
 +
2^60
  
 
==Zebi Byte==
 
==Zebi Byte==
−
+
2^70
 +
 
 
==Yobi Byte==
 
==Yobi Byte==
−
yeet
+
2^80

Latest revision as of 08:18, 8 September 2024

Units

Summary

New Spec
Name Symbol Power Size in bytes
Byte B 100 1
Kilo Byte
 KB 103 1,000
Mega Byte MB 106 1,000,000
Giga Byte GB 109 1,000,000,000
Tera Byte TB 1012 1,000,000,000,000
Peta Byte PB 1015 1,000,000,000,000,000
Exa Byte EB 1018 1,000,000,000,000,000,000
Zatta Byte ZB 1021 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000
Yotta Byte YB 1024 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000
Old Spec
Name Symbol Power Size in bytes
Byte B 20 1
Kibi Byte
 KiB 210 1,024
Mebi Byte MiB 220 1,048,576
Gibi Byte GiB 230 1,073,741,824
Tebi Byte TiB 240 1,099,511,627,776
Pebi Byte PiB 250 1,125,899,906,842,624
Exbi Byte EiB 260 1,152,921,504,606,846,976
Zebi Byte ZiB 270 1,180,591,620,717,411,303,424
Yobi Byte YiB 280 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176

CraigNDave

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9kzCoDFrMGE&list=PLCiOXwirraUCa2MYf_oSM94uvwIGPMZ1q


Computer Science Tutor

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ol3PxSpEeT4&list=PL04uZ7242_M6O_6ITD6ncf7EonVHyBeCm

New Units

Computer Science units are now based around the powers of 10

Powers of 10

For each unit add 3 to the power to go up in powers of 10 for each unit of data for example : 1GB = 10^9 with the power of 10 being 1,000,000,000 bytes However if you subtract three powers from 10^9 then 10^6 = 1,000,000 bytes

The Bit

The Bit is a single binary digit used in computing and is represented using either a 1 or 0. The two values of a single digit act as an On or Off function or True/False and putting them together can result in unique functions as 1 digit can control one variable and another digit can control an entirely different variable. By putting multiple bits together functions become more complex and have more outcomes as if you set one value to true it can lead to another set of values different to what you would get if it was set to false. Putting 8 of theses bits together is called a byte

The Byte

A byte is made up of 8 bits, and larger amounts of data are based around the value of a byte (e.g Gigabyte being 1,000,000,000 bytes). A single byte represents one binary number, as it is made up of a total of 8 1's and 0's. A single byte can also represent a single character, such as the letter B.

Kilo Byte

A Kilo Byte is 1000 bytes. It is also a multiple of the byte unit with the prefix (kB).

Mega Byte

A Mega Byte is 1000 Kilo Bytes, thus is 1000000 Bytes. In Base 10 the prefix Mega is 10^6.

Giga Byte

1 giga byte (1Gb) is 1000 megabytes and also 1 Gigabyte (G / GB) = 10^9 bytes = 1,000,000,000 bytes

Tera Byte

1 TeraByte = 1,000 GigaByte, 10^12 bytes

Peta Byte

Symbol PB Power 10^15

Exa Byte

Symbol: EB Power: 10^18 Bytes: 1,000,000,000,000,000,000

Zetta Byte

Symbol: ZB Power: 10^21 Bytes: 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000

Yotta Byte

Yottabyte (YB) is a unit of digital information that equals to one septillion (10^24).

Old Units

Units based around powers of 2, according to the spec you don't need to know these.

Powers of 2

A power of two is a number of the form 2n where n is an integer. (e.g. 7).

Power of 2 Equivalent
20 = 1 (Anything to the power of itself is always 1)
21 = 2 2x1 = 2
23 = 4 2x2 = 4
24 = 8 2x2x2 = 8
25 = 16 2x2x2x2 = 16

Etc.

Kibi Byte

A kibibyte is a multiple of the unit byte, with the binary prefix 'kibi' meaning 2 to the power of 10 or 1024 bytes. Therefore meaning 1 kibibyte is 1024 bytes.
The unit symbol for a kibibyte is KiB.

Mebi Byte

The binary prefix mebi means 2^20; therefore one mebibyte is equal to 1048576bytes = 1024 kibibytes.

The unit symbol for the mebibyte is MiB.

1 MiB = 2^20 bytes = 1024 kibibytes = 1048576bytes

Gibi Byte

1 GiB is equal to 2^30. (Two to the power of thirty)

1 GB = 0.931323 GiB

Tebi Byte

A tebibyte is a unit of data storage that equals 2 to the 40th power, or 1,099,511,627,776 bytes. While a terabyte can be estimated as 10^12 or 1,000,000,000,000 bytes, a tebibyte is exactly 1,099,511,627,776 bytes.

Pebi Byte

A Pebi Byte is a multiple of the unit byte, used for digital information.

The prefix for pebi is Pi and the prefix for pebibyte is PiB 1,125,899,906,842,624 bytes and is equivalent to 1024 tebibytes or 1 pebibyte.

to get from pebibytes to bits, you can do: pebibytes times 2 to the power of 50 (PiB x 2^50) or pebibytes times 1024 to the power of 5 (PiB x 1024^5) and to get from bits to pebibytes, you can do: bits divided by 2 to the power of 50 (bits / 2^50) or bits times 1024 to the power of 5 (bits / 1024^5)

Exbi Byte

2^60

Zebi Byte

2^70

Yobi Byte

2^80

Retrieved from ‘http://www.trccompsci.online/mediawiki/index.php?title=Bits_Bytes_etc&oldid=8926’