The Internet
Contents
What is the Internet
How is the Internet connected
Router
Brennan's got this one back off ANARCHY
Gateway
A Gateway is basically Donald Trump. It controls the wall between two different systems, for example on your home router to connect from your devices to the Internet. However, unlike the Donald, Gateways can translate. They translate the current protocols for the new system to understand. This allows two different systems with different protocols to be connected. Without this, data would be kept outside the border and could not communicate across it - welcome to Trump's America.
How is data transmitted
Packet Switching
Circuit Switching
The End to End Principle
The devices that are communicating should be the endpoints of the communication with no external input. The Internet serves as a medium to carry traffic between them but makes no changes the data involved. Therefore the transmitting devices control every aspect of the transmission, allowing security (through encryption) and the detection of errors, which maintains the integrity of transmitted data.
Using this principle allows the Internet to easily grow because there is no direct control over the number of endpoints.
URL
The Uniform Resource Locator is the standard address used to find a page, Web server or other device on the Web or Internet.
It specifies: How to access the server, ie which protocol to use Which server to access, ie the address if server What is to be accessed on the server, ie the path on the addressed server.
This was invented so that users could use a memorable name to refer to a network and a host on that network. Often the term 'Domain Name' is used instead of the correct term 'Full Qualified Domain Name' (FQDN). The domain name identifies one or more IP addresses. For example, the domain name "Microsoft.com" represents about a dozen IP addresses.
The DNS system is a hierarchy. A Domain Name Server accepts a Domain Name and returns the IP address associated with this Domain Name.
