Creating the Home page in Django
Contents
Requirements
Before this stage you need to have completed the install, and also run django-admin to create a project (ie called 'MyProject') and also to create an app (ie called 'MyApp').
Register the App
In this your MyApp folder edit the 'apps.py' file, you should see something like this:
from django.apps import AppConfig
class MyappConfig(AppConfig):
name = 'MyApp'
Copy the name of the class, the example above is called MyappConfig. Now goto the 'settings.py' file and find the installed apps definition:
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
]
Add a new entry at the start of this list for your app:
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'MyApp.apps.MyappConfig',
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
]
Define a URL
Now open the 'urls.py' from the project folder, add the following import line:
from MyApp import views as user_views
Now find the current 'urlpatterns', We need to add one for the home page of our system. So add:
path('', user_views.home, name='home')
Create a View
Now in the 'MyApp' folder edit the file called 'views.py'. We can add the code to generate our pages in here. So add the following:
def home(request):
return render(request, 'MyApp/home.html',{'title':'Home'})
Create a Template
Now in the 'MyApp' folder we need to create a folder called 'templates' and then inside this folder, we need another folder called 'MyApp'.
Now in this new folder, add a new item (you can right click the folder in solution explorer and choose add, and then new item):
Now select a new html document. Call it 'home.html'
Replace the contents of the html with just:
{% block title %}Home{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
My Home Page
{% endblock %}
Run the server
Now to view your system you need to use the management program and choose option 2 for 'Manage' and then option 1 for 'RunServer'. You should see something similar to this:
Using a base template
In the 'MyApp' folder, 'templates' and finally 'MyApp' add a new item. Choose html and call it 'base.html'.
This will be the template used on every page for navigation and so on. Copy and replace the existing code in 'base.html':
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<title>
{% if title %}
MyApp - {{title}}
{% else %}
MyApp
{% endif %}
</title>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.4.0/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.4.0/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.4.0/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-inverse">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="navbar-header">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">MyApp</a>
</div>
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li class="active"><a href="/">Home</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Page 1</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Page 2</a></li>
</ul>
<ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
<li><a href="#"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user"></span> Sign Up</a></li>
<li><a href="#"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-log-in"></span> Login</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="container">
{% if messages %}
{% for message in messages %}
{{message}}
{% endfor %}
{% endif %}
{% block content %}
{% endblock content %}
</div>
</body>
</html>
Now we need to make the 'home.html' template use the 'base.html' template. So open your 'home.html' (should be in the 'templates' folder and then 'MyApp'). You need to add the top line below:
{% extends "MyApp/base.html" %}
{% block title %}Home{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
My Home Page
{% endblock %}
It should now look something like:
