Classification of Software
Overview
Video from 1:10
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W6Sf8QiV_BU&list=PLCiOXwirraUA01kiMeInAiYvVnFhhMMqb&index=1 (1:10 - End)
TRC Video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dpZ0LyCPhGQ
If Hardware includes all of the physical components, software is all of the data and code stored in binary which runs on top of the hardware.
Software can be broken down into two main types:
- System Software
- Application Software
System software includes everything required to make the machine function, and also to optimise and maintain the machine during operation.
Application software is used to perform day to day tasks with the already functioning machine.
Systems Software
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J_33sGghK9M&list=PLCiOXwirraUA01kiMeInAiYvVnFhhMMqb&index=3
Operating Systems
An operating system is software on a computer system that handles other software and hardware in the computer, like data storage, ordering of programs and inputs and outputs from peripherals. Operating systems provide useful features to computers, with many modern operating systems providing a GUI, mouse pointer, and folders for easy storage of files. An operating system is required to be able to use a computer.
You will revisit this as a separate topic - Operating Systems
Utility Programs
Computer Science Tutor
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mquaQ7JKMEk&list=PL04uZ7242_M6O_6ITD6ncf7EonVHyBeCm&index=14
Utility software is system software designed to help analyze, configure, optimize or maintain a computer. It is a type of system software, used to support the computer infrastructure; by contrast with application software, which is aimed at directly performing tasks that benefit ordinary users.
Types of utilities
- Anti-virus- utilities scan for computer viruses.
- Archives- output a stream or a single file when provided with a directory or a set of files. Archive suites may include compression and encryption capabilities. Some archive utilities have a separate un-archive utility for the reverse operation.
- Backup software makes copies of all information stored on a disk and restore either the entire disk (e.g. in an event of disk failure) or selected files (e.g. in an event of accidental deletion).
Library Programs
Library programs are collections of programs and functions related to a specific purpose or area.
For example, a games developer could use a library such as MonoGame, this will already have code for many aspects of games design and will reduce the amount of coding required. An alternative would be to use no library in which case the programmer will need to program basic game operations which come included in a library.
A further example, programming languages are extended using libraries. In some of your C# programs you will have used "System.IO" , "System.Math" etc. These provide additional commands and functions related to a specific area, "System.IO" allows access to files and "System.Math" provides many common maths calculations.
Language Translators
A language translator takes one program written in a specific language and can produce a functioning version of that program in a different language, for example moving a program from C# to C++. Language translators can also transfer between higher level languages and even assembly language and machine code for different systems.
You will revisit this as a separate topic - Programming Language Translators
Application Software
An application program is a computer program designed to perform a group of coordinated tasks, functions or activities to benefit the user. Examples of application software are; a word processor, a spreadsheet program, a web browser, a media player etc. Application software contrasts with system software, which is involved with running the computer.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QqgPler-YI4&list=PLCiOXwirraUA01kiMeInAiYvVnFhhMMqb
General Purpose
General purpose software is every-day software used for basic tasks on a computer, such as word processing software like Microsoft Word, which can be used to write a number of various documents, but is also found on allot of computers. Most computers will have these pieces of software on them because they can be used for various tasks and not for one specific job or role.
Bespoke Software
Software developed privately for use solely by an organisation or company for a task by a developer. An example could be the software used at Tescos by the registers to identify products via bar code, show item stocks and process purchases, which would only be for Tesco, and other companies like Asda could use a similar system, but it wouldn't be the exact same as it would also be privately developed.
Special Purpose
Special purpose software is software designed and developed for one specific task, and nothing else.
An example could be accountant. They use a piece of software called sage. This calculates revenue that the business has made, sees all there sales records and also sends all of the data off to HMRC automatically. The average computer user wouldn't need to use these pieces of software as it isn't versatile and cant be used for different purposes.
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